Adds possibility to configure protocols for allowed outgoing connections #16910

Description:

Matomo should normally not send any request using other protocols than http and https.
In some uncommon use cases it might be needed to send other request. This can be done using a config setting to define the list of allowed protocols.

Review

• [ ] Functional review done
• [ ] Usability review done (is anything maybe unclear or think about anything that would cause people to reach out to support)
• [ ] Security review done see checklist
• [ ] Code review done
• [ ] Tests were added if useful/possible
• [ ] Reviewed for breaking changes
• [ ] Developer changelog updated if needed
• [ ] Documentation added if needed
• [ ] Existing documentation updated if needed

@sgiehl seems like there are some test failures

@diosmosis should be fixed now